Every computing system, biological or synthetic, from cells to brains to laptops, has a cost. This isn’t the price, which is easy to discern, but an energy cost connected to the work required to run a ...

Thermodynamic computing uses physical energy flows instead of fixed digital circuits to perform AI calculations Image data is allowed to degrade naturally through tiny fluctuations in the computer’s ...

The extraction of work (i.e., usable energy) from quantum processes is a key focus of quantum thermodynamics research, which explores the application of thermodynamics laws to quantum systems.