Kinetic theory and mathematical modelling have emerged as pivotal tools in analysing complex systems – ranging from biological entities and social interactions to financial markets. These methods ...

Hydraulic fracturing is one of the most important technologies for shale gas production. Complex hydraulic fracture networks can be stimulated in shale reservoirs due to the existence of numerous ...

The instability of large, complex societies is a predictable phenomenon, according to a new mathematical model that explores the emergence of early human societies via warfare. Capturing hundreds of ...